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2017-11-01 12:56:31

Development overview and technical prospect of intelligent connected vehicles

Countries compete to develop relevant policies and new technologies. Although China started late, it has carved out a path for intelligent connected vehicles with Chinese characteristics, leveraging the complexity of local road conditions and data diversity, gradually catching up to global standards.

In recent years, the rapid advancement of information and communication technology has propelled the development of intelligent connected vehicle technologies, with concepts like vehicle networking, internet vehicles, and autonomous driving gaining significant attention.

The trend toward intelligent and connected vehicles has become inevitable in the automotive industry. Countries are competing to develop relevant policies and new technologies. Leveraging the advantages of complex local road conditions and data diversity, China has charted a path for intelligent connected vehicles with unique Chinese characteristics, gradually catching up to global standards.

According to Gong Weijie, Deputy Secretary General of the Chinese Society of Automotive Engineering and the Intelligent Connected Vehicle Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance, research on automotive intelligence began abroad in the 1990s. "China started late, and the gap is not small." Due to the complexity of the involved fields and scenes, there are no unified international standards and definitions, and the developmental focus of countries varies slightly.

For many years, the industry in China has lacked a clear developmental direction. In October 2015, after extensive research and exploration, the Intelligent Connected Vehicle Industry Alliance, in collaboration with domestic authoritative experts, provided the first definition for intelligent connected vehicles: equipped with advanced onboard sensors and other devices, integrating modern communication and network technologies to achieve intelligent information exchange and sharing between vehicles and individuals, vehicles, roads, backend systems, capable of complex environmental perception, intelligent decision-making, collaborative control, and execution - representing a new generation of automobiles.

Overall, the intelligent connected vehicle industry chain not only involves internet IT enterprises and vehicle manufacturers but also requires collaboration among advanced sensor manufacturers, automotive electronic suppliers, and other related industries.

Looking at the current development status of intelligent connected vehicles domestically and internationally, automobile companies and IT giants in various countries are developing these vehicles, often driven by national directives.

The "U.S. Intelligent Transportation Strategic Plan 2015-2019" explicitly identifies intelligent connected vehicles and automation as two major development goals. It established a transportation change research center for large-scale demonstrations and tests of intelligent connected vehicles. The U.S. Department of Transportation strongly leads the development of intelligent connected vehicles, expecting to introduce mandatory V2V regulations in 2020, with General Motors expected to begin installing V2V equipment before 2017.

Europe has developed a clear technical roadmap for technological development from a government organizational perspective, overcoming a series of challenges from existing ADAS to fully autonomous driving, encompassing not only technological aspects but also legal considerations.

Japan began research on intelligent transportation systems early, comprehensively planning aspects such as vehicles, roads, and objects.

China's "Made in China 2025" has outlined a specific technological roadmap in key areas. The development goals include achieving by 2020 the initial formation of an independent innovation system for intelligent connected vehicles, with ADAS autonomous shares reaching 50% and networked driver assistance system assembly rates at 10%. By 2025, the goal is to establish a basic intelligent connected vehicle industry chain and intelligent transportation system, with ADAS autonomous shares reaching 60% and networked driver assistance system assembly rates at 30%.

Domestic automotive companies such as SAIC, BAIC, and Changan have formulated their intelligent vehicle development plans, with technology being applied in practice. The laboratory at Tsinghua University has over a decade of achievements in safety driving and service management applications, engaging in deep technical collaborations with domestic and international relevant organizations.

Technical Prospects:

1. Environmental Awareness Technology(1) Low-cost sensor solutions are the current choice for mass-produced vehicle models. The cost of high-cost sensors like multi-line lidar will gradually decrease, and solid-state lidar may become a future technology trend.(2) Given the limited sensing capabilities of a single sensor, information fusion schemes between different vehicle sensors have emerged to obtain rich surrounding environmental information, showcasing excellent environmental adaptability.(3) Machine learning-based environmental perception technology holds significant advantages in complex perception scenarios, widely applied in various automotive principles and demonstrations.(4) V2X communication systems and cloud platforms will increasingly play essential roles in environmental awareness systems.

2. Intelligent Decision-MakingThe tasks of vehicle intelligent decision-making systems include task decision-making, behavior decision-making, and trajectory planning. The direction of future development involves a multi-objective decision-making mechanism that comprehensively considers safety, comfort, energy efficiency, and high effectiveness.

3. Human-Computer Interaction TechnologyDesigning and customizing multi-source information interaction methods based on information importance, urgency, timeliness, and data scale are crucial research problems. Effectively utilizing networked information is expected to significantly enhance the driver's driving experience.

4. Communication and Platform TechnologyDSRC technology has matured and is mainly applied in the security field. The LTE-V standard is forthcoming and might become the mainstream vehicle networking communication system in China. The development of intelligent connected vehicles urgently needs a foundational data cloud platform due to the increasing demand for big data.

5. Map Positioning TechnologyHigh-precision maps have become a key resource, prompting major enterprises to initiate layouts. The application of 5G technology will aid in achieving real-time, automatic incremental updates of high-precision three-dimensional maps. The exchange format and physical storage of high-precision map data will gradually standardize.

6. Information Security TechnologyInformation security has become a crucial factor limiting the development of intelligent connected vehicles. Advancing the development of remote vehicle software system upgrades and establishing a national-level vehicle information security database are essential to achieve real-time updates for information security protection systems.

2017-11-01 12:56:31